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Medial Branch Block

Overview

This diagnostic procedure is performed to identify a painful facet joint. The facet joints are the joints between the vertebrae in the spine, allowing the spine to bend, flex and twist.


Preparation

In preparation for the procedure, the patient is positioned on his stomach. The physician injects a local anesthetic, numbing the skin and tissue around the facet joint suspected of causing the patient's pain.


Contrast Dye Injected

Once this tissue is numb, the physician inserts a needle into the skin. The needle is carefully guided down to the facet joint. The physician injects a contrast solution through this needle. The contrast solution helps the physician see the area on a camera called a fluoroscope. The fluoroscope provides live x-ray images. The physician uses the fluoroscope to confirm the location of the needle's tip.


Anesthetic Injected

Once the physician has confirmed that the needle is positioned correctly, the physician attaches a syringe containing an anesthetic medication. This medication is injected around small nerves called the medial branch nerves, and these carry signals to and from the facet joints. The anesthetic will temporarily block sensation in these nerves.


End of Procedure

If the temporary injection relieves the patient's pain, the physician may inject a more long-lasting anesthetic. If the temporary injection does not relieve the pain, the physician may test nearby facet joints to identify the correct one.

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